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Seagoing Bulk Carrier: General Use and Purpose Many risks were present when operating seagoing bulk carriers. The safety of sea-going bulk carriers is the subject of meticulous preparation. This website provides details to the international shipping community on how to load and unload bulk cargo. But, it should not go beyond the limits set forth by the classification society. It is vital to ensure that the structure of the ship is not stressed and all safety precautions are in place in order to ensure safe passage in the ocean. There are a wealth of information about bulk carrier topics on our pages of detail that are geared towards those working on the sea as well as those working ashore. General specifications for bulk ships that travel by sea. Bulk carriers are vessels with a single deck that are equipped with top-side tanks as well as side tanks. They are made for single-commodity bulk cargo. Solid bulk cargo could be any substance, other then liquid or gasoline composed of a mix of granules as well as particles. These materials can be loaded directly into the ship's cargo spaces without any sort of containment. The most common examples of dry cargo include grain, sugar and ores in bulk. In the broadest sense of the word the term "bulk carrier" encompasses all vessels designed to transport solid or liquid cargo in bulk form, and so would include tankers. However, in normal usage, the term is normally applied to vessels that are designed for the transport of bulky solid cargoes, which is typically grain and agricultural products similar to it, and mineral products like coal, ore, stone and so on. and on one or more of the voyages. Peruse this panamax bulk carrier url for more. What Is Bulk Carrier? "A ship which is intended primarily to carry dry cargo in bulk, including such types as ore carriers and combination carriers" Carrying weights range from 3,000 tonnes up to 300,000. Average speed of 12 15 knots -Single deck ships, ie no tweendecks Small to medium-sized bulk carriers that can carry up to 40,000 tons are fitted with equipment for handling cargo. Larger vessels make use of dock-based facilities for loading and unloading. Cargo hold dimensions are usually big free of obstructions. They also have larger hatch sizes that enable easy loading and unloading. The ballast holds are a typical feature on bulk carriers. This can also be used to increase stability during ballast travels. Additional holds can be permitted for partial ballasting but only at port. They are available as single pull or stacking (piggyback), type steel hatch covers. Four types and sizes of ballast tank: Sloping topside wing tanks Tanks with a sloping bottom Double bottom tanks Ballast for peak and after peak water tank. Solid bulk cargo? Anything other than liquids and gases that are composed of granules or particles or bigger chunks of material. They can be transported directly into cargo areas without any intermediary type of confinement. Bulk carriers can carry diverse cargoes including "clean" foodtuffs and "dirty", minerals, and cargoes that could react with one another or with other sources of contamination like water. It is essential to make sure that the areas for cargo are properly cleaned for each cargo. In order to load the cargo, it is important to wash the area thoroughly. Surveyors may be required to ensure that the space is ready to load. To avoid contamination, it is crucial to eliminate any remnants left from an earlier cargo. Water is the primary cause of destruction to bulk cargoes. Therefore, it is crucial that storage areas are dry in order to be able to accept cargo. The covers for hatches should be watertight in order to stop water from entering. All fittings inside the hold (pipe guards, cover for bilge, etc.) must be inspected. All fittings inside the hold (pipe guards and bilge covers.) must be checked to ensure they are in good working order and securely fastened. They may cause serious wear and tear to conveyor belts, which could cause delays. If the equipment is accidentally discharged with cargo, the ship might be held responsible. Have a look at this dry cargo ships specialist for more. Bulk Carrier and Bulker A vessel made to carry dry cargo, loaded onto the vessel without any containment other than the ship's borders and is distinct from the bulk carrier that is liquid or tanker. The conventional bulk carrier is built with only a single deck, single skin, double bottom, topside and side tank hoppers. tanks in cargo spaces. Bulk carriers are able to carry all kinds of bulk cargo, from heavy ore to light grains, up to an maximum weight. The loading, transportation and discharge of bulk dry cargo aren't as straightforward or as simple as most people think. Carrier for bulk material without equipment Many bulk cargoes may have dangerous properties or undergo changes in transport. The ship can be easily damaged by improper loading e.g. A ship that is not loaded to its maximum forward can be bent by loading it too high. This is known as "stress?" could result in dangers to life at sea, especially during bad weather. Remaining cargoes can also be affected by the residuals of other cargoes. Certain bulk cargoes such as cement power are also susceptible to water damage. cement power. It is hard to determine cargoes being loaded or discharged. These aspects have significant implications on the operation of bulk cargoes. Discharging bulk cargo using? conveyor belts and similar systems are not monitored and supervised the bulk cargoes make the shape of a cone. The angle at which this cone develops is known as the angle or repose'. It varies for each cargo. Cargoes made of iron ore for instance, will form an angle-shaped cone. Cargoes that are free to move around freely will result in the cone with a narrow angle. Cargoes that have low angles of repose tend to move more through the course of transport. For some cargoes the use of bulldozers is required to spread the load into the sides of the holdings as cargo is nearing completion. Dry-bulk carriers depend on dock facilities to facilitate cargo loading/discharge. However, bulk carriers may offer self-unloading with conveyors beneath the cargo holds or on decks.