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Purpose And General Use Of Seagoing Bulk Carriers There were many dangers involved in operating seagoing bulk carriers. A careful planning process and taking care for all important issues on the ship's deck are essential . This site is an easy reference for the shipping industry in general and provides guidance and information about loading and discharging bulk cargo kinds. These limits are set by the classification societies. It is vital to limit the chance of the ship's structure becoming stressed and to comply with all safety standards necessary for safe passage at Sea. We have detail pages that cover various topics related to bulk carriers. These pages are beneficial both for passengers onboard as well as those ashore at the terminal. General characteristics of seagoing bulk carriers Bulk carriers are single-deck vessels that are fitted with top-side tanks as well as side tanks. They are made for single-commodity bulk cargo. Solid bulk cargo means any substance, other than liquid or gas composed of particles, granules or any other larger piece of material, generally uniform in composition, which is directly loaded into the cargo areas of ships with no immediate containerization. Dry cargo includes bulk grains, sugar, and even ore. Bulk carriers can be defined as any vessel designed to carry liquid or solid bulk cargo. Tankers are also included. In normal usage, however the term is usually used to describe vessels that transport bulk cargos of solid goods including grains and other agricultural commodities, as well as mineral products like coal ore, stone, or even coal on one or several travel legs. Have a look at this dry bulk carrier url for more. What Is A Bulk Transportation? "A ship which is intended primarily to carry dry cargo in bulk, including such types as ore carriers and combination carriers" Capacity to carry ranging from 3,000 tonnes to 300,000. Average speed of 12 15 knots -Single deck ships, ie no tweendecks -small to medium sized bulk carriers (carrying capacity up to 40000 tonnes) typically include cargo handling equipment, while larger vessels use facilities on the shore to load and unload cargo. The cargo holdings are usually huge and free of obstacles. There are hatches with larger dimensions so that cargoes can be loaded/unloaded easily. The bulk carriers typically have one ballast hold. It can be utilized in ballast voyages to increase stability. To partially ballast there are two or three additional holds might be allowed, however they only at port. They can be covered by single pull, hydraulic, or stacking (piggyback) style steel hatch covers Four kinds of ballast tanks : Sloping topside wing tanks Sloping bottom side wing tank Double bottom tanks Peak and post peak water tank. Bulk solid cargo? Any substance other than gas or liquid, that is composed of a combination of particles, granules or any larger pieces of materials, generally homogenous in composition and loaded directly into the cargo spaces without any intermediate method of containment. Bulk carriers are able to carry a variety of cargoes, comprising "clean" food items and "dirty", minerals, in addition to cargoes that may react with one another or with other sources of contamination, such as water. It is crucial to ensure that cargo spaces are ready for the specific item. Cleaning should be sufficient to allow the cargo to be loaded and will usually require a surveyor to determine if the space is suitable for loading. To avoid contamination, it's essential to get rid of any remnants of a previous cargo. The bulk cargo is more susceptible to being damaged by water. This implies that the hold must be dry in order to allow cargo to enter. Additionally hatch covers need to be waterproof and sealed when required to stop water from entering. All fittings within the storage areas (pipe guards and bilge covers etc.) need to be examined. To make sure they're in good order and properly installed, all fittings in the hold (ladders, pipe guards, bilge covers etc.) are to be checked. If they're not correctly fitted, the equipment may cause severe damage to conveyor systems which could cause delays. Click over to this valemax specialist for more. Bulk Carrier, Bulker? A vessel that is designed to transport dry cargo that is loaded into the vessel without any containment beyond the ship,s boundaries and is distinct from the bulk carrier that is liquid or tanker. Bulk carriers that are conventional have only a single deck that has a single skin, double-bottom, topside and hopper side tanks. Bulk carriers are able to carry any bulk cargo that ranges from heavy ore to lighter grains, with an maximum weight. It isn't as easy or as simple as you imagine. Gearless Bulk Carrier Many bulk cargoes are prone to hazardous properties, or can change their properties on passage. Incorrect loading can result in damage to the ship, e.g. Incorrect loading can lead to the ship breaking down if you load a hold forward at its highest. This is known as "stress?" In rough weather, this can cause dangerous problems on the sea. Other cargoes can also be affected by residuals from previous cargoes. Damage from water can have a devastating effects on certain bulk cargoes e.g. cement power. It can be difficult to verify the exact quantities of cargoes which have been loaded and removed. All of these factors have serious consequences for safe bulk cargo transportation. Discharging bulk cargo using? Bulk cargoes have the tendency of forming a cone when they are loaded when conveyor belts or similar systems are not monitored and controlled. The angle of the cone, also known as the "angle for repose" is different for each cargo. Iron ore cargoes, however are formed by an angle that is steeply-angled. The cargoes that are flow free will form cones that are shallower. A cargo with low angles to repose is more prone to shifting during passage. When cargo is nearing completion, bulldozers may have to be used to spread the load over a number of holds. Dry-bulk carriers depend on dock facilities for loading and discharging cargo. Bulk carriers are also able to self-unload with cranes or conveyors on deck.
What Is A Bulk Transportation? "A ship which is intended primarily to carry dry cargo in bulk, including such types as ore carriers and combination carriers" Capacity to carry ranging from 3,000 tonnes to 300,000. Average speed of 12 15 knots -Single deck ships, ie no tweendecks -small to medium sized bulk carriers (carrying capacity up to 40000 tonnes) typically include cargo handling equipment, while larger vessels use facilities on the shore to load and unload cargo. The cargo holdings are usually huge and free of obstacles. There are hatches with larger dimensions so that cargoes can be loaded/unloaded easily. The bulk carriers typically have one ballast hold. It can be utilized in ballast voyages to increase stability. To partially ballast there are two or three additional holds might be allowed, however they only at port. They can be covered by single pull, hydraulic, or stacking (piggyback) style steel hatch covers Four kinds of ballast tanks : Sloping topside wing tanks Sloping bottom side wing tank Double bottom tanks Peak and post peak water tank. Bulk solid cargo? Any substance other than gas or liquid, that is composed of a combination of particles, granules or any larger pieces of materials, generally homogenous in composition and loaded directly into the cargo spaces without any intermediate method of containment. Bulk carriers are able to carry a variety of cargoes, comprising "clean" food items and "dirty", minerals, in addition to cargoes that may react with one another or with other sources of contamination, such as water. It is crucial to ensure that cargo spaces are ready for the specific item. Cleaning should be sufficient to allow the cargo to be loaded and will usually require a surveyor to determine if the space is suitable for loading. To avoid contamination, it's essential to get rid of any remnants of a previous cargo. The bulk cargo is more susceptible to being damaged by water. This implies that the hold must be dry in order to allow cargo to enter. Additionally hatch covers need to be waterproof and sealed when required to stop water from entering. All fittings within the storage areas (pipe guards and bilge covers etc.) need to be examined. To make sure they're in good order and properly installed, all fittings in the hold (ladders, pipe guards, bilge covers etc.) are to be checked. If they're not correctly fitted, the equipment may cause severe damage to conveyor systems which could cause delays. Click over to this 
Bulk Carrier, Bulker? A vessel that is designed to transport dry cargo that is loaded into the vessel without any containment beyond the ship,s boundaries and is distinct from the bulk carrier that is liquid or tanker. Bulk carriers that are conventional have only a single deck that has a single skin, double-bottom, topside and hopper side tanks. Bulk carriers are able to carry any bulk cargo that ranges from heavy ore to lighter grains, with an maximum weight. It isn't as easy or as simple as you imagine. Gearless Bulk Carrier Many bulk cargoes are prone to hazardous properties, or can change their properties on passage. Incorrect loading can result in damage to the ship, e.g. Incorrect loading can lead to the ship breaking down if you load a hold forward at its highest. This is known as "stress?" In rough weather, this can cause dangerous problems on the sea. Other cargoes can also be affected by residuals from previous cargoes. Damage from water can have a devastating effects on certain bulk cargoes e.g. cement power. It can be difficult to verify the exact quantities of cargoes which have been loaded and removed. All of these factors have serious consequences for safe bulk cargo transportation. Discharging bulk cargo using? Bulk cargoes have the tendency of forming a cone when they are loaded when conveyor belts or similar systems are not monitored and controlled. The angle of the cone, also known as the "angle for repose" is different for each cargo. Iron ore cargoes, however are formed by an angle that is steeply-angled. The cargoes that are flow free will form cones that are shallower. A cargo with low angles to repose is more prone to shifting during passage. When cargo is nearing completion, bulldozers may have to be used to spread the load over a number of holds. Dry-bulk carriers depend on dock facilities for loading and discharging cargo. Bulk carriers are also able to self-unload with cranes or conveyors on deck.